Medea essays

Medea essays Medea vs. The Traditional Roles of Women in Ancient Greece The Greek tragedy, Medea by Euripides, is the tale of a woman scorned and her tactful revenge. During the era in which Medea takes place, society often placed women into submissive roles. However, the play Medea challenges the conventional customs of Greece. Euripides displays the nonconformity and rebelliousness of Medea as a means of criticizing the treatment of women in ancient Greece. Upon reading Euripides Medea, one finds that Medea has many untraditional characteristics for a woman. Medeas headstrong and opinionated nature is one aspect of her nonconformity to traditional Greek standards. Traditionally, women could only be incorporated into two roles: mothers and wives, nothing more- nothing less. Medea defies perceptions of gender by exhibiting both male and female characteristics. Her ability to separate herself from her womanly emotions at times and perform acts that society does not see women capable of doing, further prove her ability to adapt to different situations. Upon marriage, women no longer had any control over their property. Therefore, any property those women possessed immediately had to be turned over to their husbands. She had no rights to wander about the town, without a just cause. Any respectable woman would not be seen in public. Greek women had virtually no political rights of any kind. Greek women had to be subject to control by Greek men at all stages of their lives. Since men spent most of their time away from their homes, women dominated Greek home life. The duties of a wife included raising the children and making the families clothes. She supervised the daily running of the household. In a totally slave based economy, plentiful numbers of female slaves did menial tasks such as cooking and cleaning. Only in the poorest homes did the wife do these duties by herself. Visiting with a female neighbor was really the ...

Alchemy in the Middle Ages

Alchemy in the Middle Ages Alchemy in the Middle Ages was a mixture of science, philosophy, and mysticism. Far from operating within the modern definition of a scientific discipline, medieval alchemists approached their craft with a holistic attitude; they believed that purity of mind, body, and spirit was necessary to pursue the alchemical quest successfully. At the heart of medieval alchemy was the idea that all matter was composed of four elements: earth, air, fire, and water. With the right combination of elements, it was theorized, any substance on earth might be formed. This included precious metals as well as elixirs to cure disease and prolong life. Alchemists believed that the transmutation of one substance into another was possible; thus we have the clichà © of medieval alchemists seeking to turn lead into gold. Medieval alchemy was just as much art as science, and practitioners preserved their secrets with an obfuscating system of symbols and mysterious names for the materials they studied. Origins and History of Alchemy Alchemy originated in ancient times, evolving independently in China, India, and Greece. In all these areas the practice ultimately degenerated into superstition, but it migrated to Egypt and survived as a scholarly discipline. In medieval Europe, it was revived when 12th-century scholars translated Arabic works into Latin. The rediscovered writings of Aristotle also played a role. By the end of the 13th century, it was discussed seriously by leading philosophers, scientists, and theologians. The Goals of Medieval Alchemists To discover the relationship of man to the cosmos and take advantage of that relationship to the betterment of mankind.To find the philosophers stone, an elusive substance that was believed to make possible the creation of an elixir of immortality and the transmutation of common substances into gold.In the later Middle Ages, to use alchemy as a tool in the advancement of medicine (as Paracelsus did). Achievements  of Alchemists in the Middle Ages Medieval alchemists produced hydrochloric acid, nitric acid, potash, and sodium carbonate.They were able to identify the elements arsenic, antimony, and bismuth.Through their experiments, medieval alchemists invented and developed laboratory devices and procedures that are, in modified form, still used today.The practice of alchemy laid the foundation for the development of chemistry as a scientific discipline. Disreputable Associations of Alchemy Due to its pre-Christian origins and the secrecy in which its practitioners carried out their studies, alchemy was viewed by the Catholic Church with suspicion and ultimately condemned.Alchemy was never taught in Universities but was instead transmitted from teacher to apprentice or student clandestinely.Alchemy attracted followers of the occult, with which it is still associated today.There was no shortage of charlatans who used the trappings of alchemy to defraud. Notable Medieval Alchemists Thomas Aquinas was an eminent theologian who was permitted to study alchemy before it was condemned by the Church.Roger Bacon was the first European to describe the process for making gunpowder.Paracelsus used his understanding of chemical processes to advance the science of medicine. Sources and Suggested Reading   Alchemy: Science of the Cosmos, Science of the Soul  by Titus Burckhardt; translated by William Stoddart Alchemy: The Secret Art  by Stanislas Klossowski De Rola Alchemy: the medieval alchemists and their royal art  by Johannes Fabricius The Philosophers Stone: A Quest for the Secrets of Alchemy  by Peter Marshall

Glass ceiling Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Glass ceiling - Essay Example Women however insisted that it was real and no matter how hard they work a time comes when they no longer get promoted to higher management positions. This glass ceiling prevents untold number of qualified people from advancing in the corporate hierarchies. It may be invisible but it sure is impenetrable (Wallace, n.p.). Colleen O'Neill, partner of Mercer Human Resource Consulting says: "Everyone in the U.S. is very focused on gender, and corporate boards are pushing for more equity [at the highest levels],"(Farell, n.p.) Companies think that if they hire women their profits will go down. Surveys show different results. Convent Investment Management did a study of Standard and Poors 500 and found that companies which promoted women and minorities had a return of about 18.3 percent over a five year period whereas companies which did not promote women and minors had a return of only 7.9 percent. The reason is simple. First of all the management in the first case had a diverse pool of people to choose from as they considered women and minors also, where as in the second case, the company did not fully utilize human capital. Secondly, treating the workers properly results in better productivity and higher morale. 95 percent of senior-level managers of the top Fortune 1000 industrial and 500 service companies are men even though women get almost half of all the Master's degrees. Out of these 95 percent, 97 percent are whites (U.S Glass Ceiling Commission, 6) In order to compete in a diversified marketplace companies need to fully utilize human capital. By excluding women these companies also exclude extraordinary amount of talent, creativity and productivity. Today, women are trying to seek more satisfying and rewarding jobs and if they do not find what they are looking for they try to set up their own businesses. Women are leaving the corporate sector twice the rate men are leaving and they are also forming new businesses at the same rate. Since 1990, there has been an increase of about 43% in Women Business Owners. Women own about 7.7 million firms. These statistics show that these women were experienced, skilled, educated and enthusiastic as they had opened up their own businesses. But due to this glass ceiling and unsatisfying jobs they were forced to leave their jobs and seek another option. It was a loss for the companies and not for these women. Nora Frankiel says: "Women have reached a certain point -- I call it the glass ceiling. They're in the top of middle management and they're stopping and getting stuck. There isn't enough room for all those women at the top. Some are going into business for themselves. Others are going out and raising families." Why does glass ceiling persist The answer varies. It is a

Using social media in business opportunity and risk (Facebook) Personal Statement

Using social media in business opportunity and risk (Facebook) - Personal Statement Example Forums for interactions that the media, such as Facebook, offer allow organizations to understand their customers need and to tailor their products for meeting these needs. It also helps in identification of markets that aid sales and market control. Availability of a pool of customers or potential customers, cost efficiency and cost effectiveness are some of the opportunities that Facebook offer to corporate organizations. Cost effectiveness of Facebook, for instance, while it ensures effective access to target audience, in strategies such as marketing and customer relationship management, facilitate the profit motive. Facebook also allows a business an opportunity to collaborate with other businesses for common interests and this is possible through interactions in professional groups (Belleghem 191). Reliance on social media such as Facebook however reduces interactions with customers for in-depth communications and this may be a barrier to understanding and meeting customers’ needs. There is also risk of insecurity over data because of sharing of information on Facebook. In addition, technicalities with the media, such as when it shut down, may impose temporary limits to information access (Payne & Frow 388; Belleghem

Accounting Standards Boards Essay Example for Free

Accounting Standards Boards Essay Increased globalization in the business world has brought to fore some of the issues and challenges that multinational businesses face in financial recording and reporting of foreign based operations. With operations based in different countries that operate under different accounting principles and with varying currencies, there has been a need for the accounting principles and standards to be converged. This has in the past nine years seen the accounting policy making suggesting a complete overhaul in the way financial statements are reported and a convergence between the USs generally accepted accounting principles (US GAAP) and the International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS). This has been through various meetings between the International Accounting Standards Board (IASB) and US Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB), two boards which determine these accounting standards. This paper therefore evaluates the history of the two boards and their relationship and looks at IASB equivalents to FASB original pronouncements. It also describes how a Master of Science in Accounting would prepare a student for an accounting profession. History of the Relationship between FASB and IASB US Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) is a board which is responsible for setting and improving financial accounting standards in the US and for governing and fostering preparation of financial reports by non-governmental organizations (Financial Accounting Standards Board, 2012).International Accounting Standards Board (IASB) on the other hand is also an independent board responsible for setting international financial reporting standards (IFRS Foundation, 2011). Whereas IASB and IFRS takes a principle based approach to accounting standards setting, FASBS GAAP does this through pronouncements which are based or rules. They both put a lot of emphasis on income statements, balance sheet, statements of changes in equity and cash flow statements as key reports that are important in financial reporting. Over the past decade these two boards which determine the accounting standards in the world have been working towards ensuring that the financial reporting all over the world converges. The convergence concept first took root in the 1950s in response to the cross border capital inflows that were as a result of the economic integration after world war two. These efforts initially focused on reducing difference in accounting principles between major capital markets globally otherwise referred to as harmonization of the accounting principles. By 1990s the concept had changed into convergence which sought to build high quality financial reporting standards to be applied internationally (Financial Accounting Standards Board, 2012a). Both developed in the 1970s, FASB and IASC (international Accounting Standards Committee) a predecessor to IASB, set a trend for expanding international accounting standards and with the reorganization of IASC into IASB in 2001, the use of IFRS among various countries has progressed rapidly. For instance, over 100 countries and the European Union use these standards issued by IASB. The U.S. mainly uses its own issued US GAAP (Progress Report, 2011; Cain, 2008). IASB and FASB have been working together towards converging the IFRS and the US GAAP since 2002. Even China and Japan have been working to bring together their accounting standards with IFRS as at 2009. Over the past decade the pace of convergence has been very fast with the internationalization of standards growing rapidly. In 2010, Securities and Exchange Commission in the US issues a report supporting the convergence of these standards through incorporation of the IFRS in the US financial system (Financial Accounting Standards Board, 2012a). This implies that the US has been increasing exploring adopting IASBs IFRSs, although there have been issues such as the fair value issues in IFRS and the cost of implementation that have slowed the progress. The IASB equivalents of the FASB original pronouncements As noted above, IASBs IFRS takes a principle based approach to accounting standard setting as compared to FASBs pronouncements which are viewed to be much stricter. In essence therefore, though IASB and FASB may address similar accounting concepts their approach to it may be different. It is these IASBs equivalents to FASBs pronouncements that bring the differences between GAAP and IFRS standards. Evaluating the FASBs original pronouncements and IASB, the manner in which accounting concepts are approached can be noted. These are: whereas IASBs IFRS requires that inventory costs of spoilage and idle capacity be excluded from the cost of inventory, FASBs GAAP does not; IFRS requires yearly comparison of financial statements unlike US GAAP which only views comparisons as desirable but require three year comparisons; IFRS permits but does not require reporting of comprehensive income unlike US GAAP which requires it; IFRS classifies liabilities as non-current if refinancing is complete before the date of the balance sheet unlike GAAP which classifies it as so, if refinancing is completed before the financial statements are issued; and prohibition of extraordinary items from the financial reports by IFRS unlike GAAP which permits but to a restricted items which affect profit and loss (Deloitte, 2004; FASB Report, 2002). Other accounting concepts that differ between IASB and FASBs original pronouncements are that IFRS requires that LIFO method of determining inventory cost be prohibited in IAS 2, unlike US GAAP which permits LIFO in SFAS 151, and that IFRS requires reversal of inventory write downs if given criteria are met unlike US GAAP which prohibits it. In addition FASB permits that inventory at net value be measured even if it is above cost unlike IFRS which restricts this to producers and broker-dealers inventories. FASB classifies the interest received and paid as operating activity in the cash flow statement unlike IASB which may classify it as financing, investing or operating activity. This leaves room for a number of interpretations. Furthermore, though FASB excludes overdrafts from cash, IASB includes it if it forms a critical and integral part of an organizations cash base or cash management (Deloitte, 2004; FASB Report, 2002). Other IASB equivalents to FASB pronouncements are enumerated as shown below (Deloitte, 2004; FASB Report, 2002): -IFRS restates previous financial statements in the event of non-mandated changes in accounting policy, unlike FASB which includes cumulative effects current financial statements net loss and profits -IASB uses change in estimated method to evaluate changes in depreciation of assets, unlike FASB which used change in accounting policy that is the net profit or loss cumulative effect. -IASB uses cost recovery method for construction contracts when the completed percentage cannot be determined for sure unlike the USA GAAP which uses completed contract method -IASB does not recognize deferred tax due to the an asset or liability tr ansaction that doesnt affect accounting or taxable profit and is not a business combination in IAS 12 unlike the US GAAP recognizes this these through its lack of initial recognition exemption as addressed in SFAS 109. -US GAAP has special exemptions due to the provision of deferred tax such as leveraged leasing, intangible developments in the gas and oil industry and undistributed earnings -IASB uses a tax rate that is substantially enacted to measure deferred tax liabilities and assets, which can be left to a lot of interpretations, unlike FASBs enacted tax rate which is sure and consistent -IASB uses rate applicable to undistributed earnings of an organization to measure the deferred tax on those earnings , unlike FASB which uses the higher of the tax rate between the one applicable to undistributed profits and the one applicable to distributed profits as addressed in SFAS 109 -IASB recognizes expense for share-based payment based on fair value of the payment whereas FASB recognizes this based on intrinsic value at grant date -IASB measures business combinations on the date of the acquisition whereas FASB does this on the date of consummation or closing date -IASB requires that recognizing a liability prior to acquisition restructuring be only if the one being acquired recognizes it under IAS 37, this is unlike FASB which recognizes it if the acquisition has already began -IASB recognizes in process RD as an intangible finite asset or good will, unlike FASB which recognizes it as expense How MSA Program prepares student for professional Accounting A Master of Science in accounting program is very important for anyone who intends to pursue an accounting career in the future. This program prepares a student by providing knowledge on the various accounting principles that need be applied in accounting profession. It also makes a student be aware of the various accounting standards that are existing in the world, how each differ, and how accounting records and done in each. In addition such a program provides analytical and critical thinking abilities. In addition, it offers a global perspective on accounting practices and business issues and provides a framework for effective development for team building and leadership skills, and ethical decision making in business. Lastly it will enhance interpersonal and communications skills through interactions which seek to learn ways of solving problems and issues in the accounting and finance realm. All these are critical for a career as an accountant. Conclusion This paper has discussed the history of the FASB and IASB boards and their relationship and has looked at IASB equivalents to FASB original pronouncements. It has shown that standardized management accounting and controlling concepts that transcend national boundaries are increasingly needed with concern on the need of an internationalized Accounting and financial reporting standard to help in comparing of financial statements of countries from different countries and also to make it efficient and less costly for multinational companies when they are conducting financial reporting of their performance. IASB and FASB have made tremendous progress thus fur in their bid to converge the global accounting standards.

How to Babysit Four Kids :: Process Essays

How to Babysit Four Kids   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   My mom, who skillfully manages four children, works Tuesday evenings - she calls it time out. As I walked in the house on a recent Tuesday evening, I hear Meghan screaming. Tim is mercilessly teasing her by hiding her teddy bear.   Pat is hollering from the basement at Tim; and the phone is ringing.   The ringing stops, which means Maura got it.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   When Meghan hears me enter she runs crying "Tim's teasing me and I'm hungry."   I ask the kids, "Why didn't you feed her?"   Tim responds, "she didn't say she was hungry."   Pat runs up from the basement and reminds me I have to take him to guitar practice now or he'll be late.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Maura bounces down the steps, pokes her finger in my ribs and shouts, "I need help with my Algebra but give me the keys 'cause I have to run to school to get my history book and Mom says give Meghan a bath before you put her to bed and have the kitchen looking as nice as it did when she left, which was spotless."   I won't tell you how I reacted that evening.   As married-with-children typically means both partners are working, the need to cope with such situations has become a daily necessity.   For you fathers, who haven't acquired the natural mothering instincts, here are some pointers I've learned the hard way to ease the pressures of work and family: Don't think that by ignoring the family they'll go away.   If pressures at home build because of schedules, personalities, etc. deal with them.   Rather than react to events like I did, create the action.   Be prepared for those evenings or weekends when you're the only cook, cleaner and ente rtainer.   On my fateful Tuesday, I should have phoned home before leaving work to discuss plans for the evening. Plan family schedules in advance.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Have a large calendar hung prominently in the busiest room in the house and preferably near a phone.  Ã‚   Schedule activities immediately on the calendar.   My mom has informed me of major family plans while I was watching Pitt play on TV.   Because I didn't tune into the discussion, when the time came for me to be at whatever event she was talking about at the right time and place, and with the right kid it didn't happen. Have a few tricks up your sleeve.

High School Enrollment System

Chapter II Review of Related Literature These are the studies and documentation that were gathered which can support the proposed system and will serve as an overview of the presentation of the system analysis. The remarks that have been gathered show the demand for this kind of software. It not Just ease the burden of the users but also it gives the system consistency which only specialized software can provide. It includes the foreign and local studies. These data are important aspect in the development of the project. The following are the works the researcher have taken into consideration: Local StudiesHealth system around the world are now facing a crisis of personnel shortage, low morale, and fading of trust. This has led to loss of health workers, weakening of health services, and erosion of public trust in the health system. For the enhancing and effectiveness support from the government must apply to them definitely. 1 . Provincial Government of Vulcan District Hospital Info rmation System (THIS) The District Hospitals serve areas in the Province of Vulcan which are outside the catchments area of the Provincial Health Office, based in the City of Mallows . The THIS was piloted in Reaction M.Mercado Memorial Hospital (RUMMY) in Sat. Maria, Vulcan in the year 2003. To date, all the other district hospitals in Baling (Baling District Hospital), Hexagon (Emilio G. Perez Memorial District Hospital), Vulcan (Gregory Del Pillar District Hospital), Calumet (Vulcan Maternity and Children's Hospital), and San Miguel (San Miguel District Hospital), are starting to utilize the system in their daily operations. THIS transforms the administration of the district hospitals under the Provincial Health Office from manual to digital. The system automates transactions, linking data entered at the Admission Section or PODDepartment, the Pharmacy, Laboratory, X-Ray, Billing, Collection and Records Section. Inventory and supplies data are entered at the Supply Section. Becau se the system uses an integrated database, it reduces the volume of redundant paper files kept in separate locations within the District Hospitals. The centralized database also makes it easier for users to process and retrieve data. The THIS thus enables the hospital staff to deliver services faster in a more organized manner, more accurately, and more conveniently. They can now process data and provide feedback to clients.The automation has also decreased the time spent by staff on their routine work. The THIS provide a number of support services, Entry of Incoming Supplies, Requests, and Issued Supplies, Patient's Bill, Accomplishing Patient's Philately Form. Compared to MASH Record and Billing System include administrative services relating to personnel, supplies, inventory, and finances. The staff maintains an inventory of medical supplies and medicines. The billing section computes bills for patients. These support services require an organized management and presentation of d ata, accuracy in recording, computation, and reporting, and nonviolence of use. . Medical Center Manila Nursing Services Monitoring System Department of Health and accredited by the Philippine Health Insurance Corporation. Managed and operated by Hospital Management Services, Inc. (HAMS), MGM was established in 1967 by a group of distinguished physicians who were graduates of the University of the Philippines-Philippine General Hospital (UP-PUGH), headed by Nobel Prize Nominee and National Scientist for Nuclear Medicine Dry. Paulo C. Campus, made possible with the whole hearted support of Mrs.. Caseload Lori Dildo and Mrs.. Josephine Murphy-Conjuring.The Nursing Services Monitoring System will feature a network of computers that transmit and receive scheduled of nursing services. Access to the system is limited through password for ever user and user domain. A user must first log-in into the system before he can actually penetrate any module in the system. Main menu is displayed aft er logging in. The system feature the kinds of nursing services rendered to the patient as well as the schedule of these. Compared to MASH Record and Billing System, The MOMS focus only on the improvement of the quality of nursing services.The system aims at providing support for the nurses who are under heavy loads of patients. The MASH Record and Billing System is developed to improve the quality of services that the hospital can give to the patients. It utilizes a centralized patient record to connect the people and process that drive the business. 3. Philippine General Hospital Care System The Philippine General Hospital (PUGH) is a tertiary state-owned hospital administered and operated by the University of the Philippines, Manila, the University of the Philippines System's Health Sciences Center.It is the largest overspent hospital administered by the university, and is designated as the National University Hospital. It is located at Eremite, Manila in the Philippines. It is t he biggest hospital in the country with a 1,500-bed capacity. It is a mixed-use hospital, with 1,000 beds for indigent patients and 500 beds for private patients, and offers some of the lowest rates for patients and is generally known as the hospital for indigent patients. The computing history of the Philippine General Hospital has proven its capacity to maintain its vision to be premiere institution to take care of problems and related diseases.The Philippine General Hospital (PUGH) had been using a computer for its business operation, particularly for its Patient Billing. With the purchase of its first general-purpose computer, programs were developed automate the process of Discharging of Check-up Package Medical Patient, Notice of Additional Deposits, Balance Summary Report, Income Center Report, and Patient Directory. Access to the system is limited through password for every user and user module in the system. Main menu is displayed after logging in.It has management mechanis m that efficiently locates and monitors nursing human availability. The Philippine General Hospital Care System developed the automate process of Discharging of Check-up Package Medical Patient, Notice of Additional Deposits, Balance Summary Report, Income Center Report, and Patient Directory that is limited only to patients. Compared to MASH Record and Billing System, it improve the quality of services that the hospital can give to the patients and also manages the stock of medicines.It utilizes a centralized Inventory system to monitor and to prevent shortage of medicine availability. 4. Capitol Medical Center Record System the year 2003. Capitol Medical Center Inc. Hurst to digitize the medical records is a major step in providing the patients and medical professionals with a more efficient system of archiving and retrieving patient records. It is a user friendly and each record contain all necessary information related to a patient, from time of admission, diagnosis, to date of discharge, and procedures performed.This database will include no less than 40 fields in each patient's record that will make it wholly complaint with the reporting standards of Department of Health (DOD) and Philippine Health Insurance Corporation (PHILATELY). The CM record archiving system will have the ability to access the millions of records we now have in storage. Where it would normally take us three days to retrieve and print out a patient's medical records, the archive system can help us to dramatically reduce this waiting time to Just minutes.Compared to MASH Record and Billing System, The CM have the ability to access medical records in providing the patients and medical professionals that is limited only to patients. MASH Record and Billing System, improves the quality of services relating to personnel, supplies, inventory, and finances, maintains an inventory of medical supplies and medicines, computes bills for patients. This is a valuable tool for Hospital management. 5. Computerizing of Medical Record (COM) The developer Dry. Victor E.Pollack developed the software for keeping the medical records of the patients and for the fast and easy access of user in searching the information. The system implement includes the on-line computerized data handling system. The system has objectives to the successful computerized system which includes a demonstrated superiority to the current record systems in case of clinical SE while providing pertinent and complete information, and while recording important and unexpected complications or physiologic processes.The capability of improving the decision making processes in clinical data; the provision of a model for monitoring the quality of medical care, and on-line availability of the data at any time for clinical use and interpretation. The COM uses on-line computerized data handling system to access current record systems that is limited only to having an Internet connection that will be costly for a hospit al. Compared to MASH Record and Billing System, it allows the user to access, edit, check, print and store record of a selected patient without the use of Internet connection.Foreign Studies The Science and Technology of medicines has incredibly advanced from simple medical practices to computer-aided robotics that literally performs. The developers of this system expect the readers to be enlightened with vision of conducting more thesis that concern the innovation and creation of utility aids for the purpose of improving medical services. 1 . Patient Management Information System (MIS) MIS by Dry. Usury Bali is used by several hospitals in the U. S. Because of its functionality, efficiency and effectiveness.It was improved legibility and completeness of documentation, data with better accessibility and accuracy. The Patient Management System is a user-friendly, window-based system software that includes billing, scheduling and management reporting. It has additional modules that in terface to MIS includes collections clinical information and third party products. An effective information system of Patients in hospital is critical to the directly affected when are record are wrong or someone's are missing a file or record. The MIS will organize, systematize, and it will take care of the records.Changes in reimbursement rates and regulations for the outpatient rehabilitation industry are motivating clinic owners and administrators to find new ways to improve productivity, slash administrative costs and eliminate sources of claim denials. Connecting the people involved in these processes when they need it is key to improving your clinic's business performance. This study is similar to our research in a way they're objectives in making this system is the same. They both target to have a organize, systematize records. The patients will have accurate patient files.But on the contrary this system targets also on the unrelated studies and additional modules includes c ollections clinical information and third party products. While in the our system focuses only the patient and the hospital management that is much related to the study. 3. Hospital Information System of SCM Corporation This Creative Socio- Medics Corporation's mission in providing hospital information system is to deliver the best technology, application and services to the health and human services industry by Pill Chunk, Thomas You and Noah Schneider. CreativeSocio- Medics Corporation provides hospital information system and software, such as its Avatar Suite products to both the public and private health and human services, healthcare, medical system, plastic surgery, health development for integrating EMMER, managed care, Doctor Technology, computer systems Electronic Medical Record, Cross-platform. Well-known system such as this provides the hospital along with its employees and patients, much ease, reliability and functionality. It provides one place to go for referrals, pati ent intake and scheduling, clinical documentation, charge entry, insurance authorization and billing management.Comparably this system is the same with the research study we conduct. They both provide medical records of patient, billing statement, patient intake and scheduling by the use of computerized technology. On the other hand our research only focus on the medical problems. Likewise these system also focus on the Hospital Information that are not related to patients. 4. LLC – Hospital Management Information System Hospital Management Information System by Rowena Luck and Melissa Ho in Ghana, addresses the entire major functional areas of modern multi-specialty hospital.Package enables better patient care, patient safety, and efficiency and reduced costs. Provide easy access to critical information. The system provides the benefits of streaming of operations, enhance administration and control, improved response, cost control and improved profitability. Hospital Managem ent Information System is developed on the latest relational database system Visual Basic 6. 0. Hospital Management Information System can be easily customized to the experiments of any hospital. It helps in maintaining a totally secured database of Patients and business information.This system is GUI with user friendly screens and has an easy installation. Has an easy data retrieval with single mouse click and fully parametric billing structure with security features and Service provided by hospital. It can easily Back-up and restore facility without manual intervention. This system is very much related with our Basic 6. 0. And it also provide patient's record. The difference, is our system don't provide easy access to critical information that is limited to the Administrator but can be viewed by user. Some hospital prefer to restrict access of Patients personal Record because it is much safer. . Master Hospital Information System The Master Hospital Information System by Julienne Pays, Frederic Serviceman's and Gallinule Gingered help you ensure that your organization has a clearer claim before dropping the bill. Some hospital, medical groups, and other Healthcare organizations have installed computer system to manage patients information. This will give immediate access to complete patient information as well as tools to guide decision- making and help prevent errors. The complexity of outpatient data flow creates problems many hospital are endings extremely difficult to solve.Master Hospital Information System has develop a software solution to support outpatient coding and basic patient data management task. Hospital enjoy the flexibility of choosing the software modules they need and also implementing them in phases. The Master Hospital Information System provide patient information and bill limited only to patients. Compared to MASH Record and Billing System, it manages and monitor the patients and also deal with the stock of medicines. It has an Invent ory system to monitor and to avoid shortage of medicine availability.

The Morality of Advertisments

TITLE PAGE ISSUES OF MORALITY IN ADVERTISMENTS This report is basically about the issues of morality in advertisements; more specifically in sales and marketing. It states the effects advertising executes on its potential customers and also how it affects the businesses that are advertising. NIGEL. PAITO Business year 1 – Accounting & Computing Mrs. JUDY ELISHA HE 116. 1 Academic English Thursday 4th April 2013 Assessment Two – Report Writing Tutorial Group: School of Business CONTENTSTitle Page†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. [1] Contents†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. [2] Introduction†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â ‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ [3] Literature Review†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ [4] Body†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. 5] 5. 1. Methodology†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. [5] 5. 1. 1 Survey Method†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. [5] 5. 1. 2 Data Collection†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. [5] 5. 1. 3 Participants†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚ ¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. [5] 5. 1. 4 Secondary Sources†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. [6] 5. 2 Data Analysis†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. 6] 5. 2. 1 Part A: Demographic Information†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. [6] 5. 2. 2 Part B: Survey Questions†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. [7] 5. 2. 2 Part B: Survey Questions: Question 9†¦ [8] Conclusion†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ [8] 8. 1. Recommendations†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. [8] References†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. 9] INTRODUCTION The reason for undertaking and writing this report on the morality of advertisement is to illustrate a survey which was carried out on what 20 random students thought about advertisements; its structures, types of advertisement to be advertised, etc†¦ The assumptions made in the study were; that the twenty students would give advantages or disadvantages of advertisements and how it made watching television, reading newspapers or hearing the radio enjoyable, entertaining or irritating for them.Relevant terms used in the report include: (A) Advertising; the paid, impersonal, one-way marketing of persuasive information from an identified sponsor disseminated through channels of mass communication to promote the adoption of goods, services or ideas (Curtis, 2011). (B) Sales; the act of selling a product or service in return for money or other compensati on. Sales involves most or many of the following activities; including cultivating prospective buyers (or leads) in a market segment; conveying the features, advantages and benefits of a product or service to the lead; and losing the sale (or coming to agreement on pricing and services). A sales plan for one product might be very different than that for another product (Barnes, 1993). And (C) Marketing; the systematic planning, implementation and control of a mix of business activities intended to bring together buyers and sellers for the mutually advantageous exchange or transfer of products (Pride, Hughes & Kapoor, 1999). Of all the major perspectives by which people construct the world, advertising is at once among the most influential and the least examined.Hence this report is basically going to cover the morality of advertising in sales and marketing but apart form that any other sub-topics outside this two main branches as stated above will not be directly included in this re port but I might state a bit of supporting information from the outside in-line with the two above. Information was gathered by way of interviews with the selected students; firstly a survey was carried out to investigate the perception about advertisements and then the results were stated in this report. LITERATURE REVIEW The purpose of advertising is to encourage people to buy something† (Garofalo, 1998). In any successful business, advertising play an essential and important role. Though advertising does not mean selling of products and services but it helps in increasing your sales. This statement advocates that advertising is used as a tool; through suggestion and pointing out the benefits by polishing the â€Å"apple†. Advertising can be used to produce product awareness in general public and to make business more popular within the circle of potential buyers.Advertising, in a straight line, increases profit of the companies by escalating its revenue. The expendit ure made on advertisement can turn as good boost in earnings (Quester, McGuiggan, McCarthy & Perreault 2001). Advertising saturated our social lives. We participate, daily, in deciphering advertising images and messages. Yet because advertisements are so persuasive and our reading of them so routine, we tend to take for granted the social assumptions embedded in advertisements.We do not ordinarily recognise advertising as a sphere of ideology (Gustafson, 2001). In most countries, the government takes legal and active roles in deciding what kinds of advertising are permitted, what is considered fair and what is inappropriate (Quester et al, 2001). While truth in advertisement is a key legal issue, it has moral dimensions as well. â€Å"Critics of U. S advertising has two main complaints – that it is wasteful and the most fundamental issue deception; making false or misleading statement in an advertisement†.Other than that, when producing or advertising a particular prod uct and in the course using absolute superlatives such as â€Å"Number One† or â€Å"Best in the World† when referring to the particular product, it is sometimes called puffery and is considered completely legal (O’Guinn, Allen & Semenik, 2000). Critics also argue that advertising does not provide good product information at all. The basic criticism of advertising here is that it frequently carries little, if any, actual product information. What it does carry is hollow ad-speak.Advertisements are rhetorical; there is no pure â€Å"information†. All information in an advertisement is biased, limited and inherently deceptive (O’Guinn et al, 2000). BODY METHODOLOGY Survey Methods: The survey method used to collect data in this report was through the use of questionnaires. The questionnaire had two sections (A and B): Section A contained the Demographic Information in which students were told to provide their personal information by ticking the approp riate box relevant to them.And section B contained the Level of Agreement, in which they were told to put a tick beside each statement where they strongly disagreed, disagreed, agreed or strongly agreed. Data Collection: There were numerous steps that were followed in order to collect this data. The first step was the construction of the questionnaire, which the lecturer did. Once that was done the questionnaire where then given to SoB representatives on behalf of all the students. The representatives were ell-versed and given directions by the lecture to distribute the questionnaires to the students to be surveyed. There were 20 questionnaires given and upon completion were tabularized and uploaded on PAU intranet. Participants There were 20 participants of this survey, all of whom are students at Pacific Adventist University. Their demographic information is explained in detail below. Secondary Sources There were not any secondary sources that were followed when carrying out the r esearch apart from the use of published advertising books and the internet.Besides that everything came firsthand: Students were informed as to the purpose of the research. This was done through face to face verbally. To uphold privacy, students were instructed not to write down their names, as only their positive and honest responses were required. Besides, the survey questionnaire was short enough for the students to fill out, so that not much of their time was taken up. DATA ANALYSIS Part A: Demographic Information.According to the data collected, a total of 20 students participated in the research: | |Male |Female | |Gender | | | | |14 |6 | | |Single |Married | |Marital Status | | | | |14 |6 | | |Day Indoor | |Residence | | | | |13 |7 | | |1st |2nd |3rd |4th | |Year | | | | | | |4 |4 |6 |6 | | |SOHS |SOT |SOE |SOB |SOAH |SOST | |School | | | | | | | Part B: Survey Questions Section B of the questionnaire contained the actual questions on the morality of advertising. This section contained 8 questions with responses ranging from strongly disagreeing to strongly agreeing. While the 9th question was more of a general attempt to view the students’ perspective of their understanding in regards to advertisements. According to the student’s understanding on the ethics of advertising, when asked: Answers shown in percentages) Question 9 Responses: †¢ Some are persuasive, others are boring †¢ Only healthy products should be advertised †¢ Good to introduce products, for awareness purposes †¢ Advertisements should abide by certain rules and regulations †¢ Influences people to buy †¢ Should promote products and not compete with or criticize other companies †¢ Can be manipulative †¢ Should be moral and ethical †¢ Good for maximising profits †¢ Enable people to cultivate the power of choice CONCLUSION From the resulted stated above, generally it can be concluded that; in any successful business, advertising plays an essential and important role.Advertising makes the general public becomes conscious about products, services and goods under the brands, they persuade people towards these brands and make them buy better brands. APin See all 5 photAAAadvertising has been used to create awareness in the general public and to make businesses more popular within the circle of potential buyers. Advertising, in a straight line, increases profit of the companies by escalating its revenue. The expenditure made on advertisement can turn as good boost in earnings. And that’s where the famous saying comes in; â€Å"You reap what you sow†. RECOMMENDATIONS From these results it has been proven that it advertising really influences people’s choice when it comes to economic decision making and so it has the power of persuasion.Also my research has found out that advertisement cannot be avoided in life therefore advertisement has developed from simple words, pictures and action into this unavoidable pastime but consequently will evolve into a culture in the long run. Therefore I recommend people to be not easily deceived by the persuasive advertisement but rather focus on the informative advertisements because these types of advertising give ethical details on these particular products. And also we should not take for granted the mere social assumptions entrenched in advertisements, but rather see them as a field of ideology and influence. REFERENCES Dr. Curtis, A. (2011). Mass Communication. Pembroke: North Carolina. University of North Carolina. Barnes, S. (1993). Essential Business Studies: The Collins guide to success. Hammersmith: London. Collins

Concept of Management Audit Essay Example

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